Indication:
For the treatment of susceptible infections.Then include chancroid,endocarditis,gastro-enteritis,gonorrhoea,Lyme disease,meningitis including meningococcal meningitis prophylaxis,septicaemia,syphlis,typhoid fever,and Whipple's disease.It is also used for surgical infection prophylaxis.
Administrationn and dosage:
Ceftriaxone is given as the sodium salt by slow intravenous injection over at least 2 to 4 minutes,by intermittent intravenous infusion over at least 30 minutes,or by deep intravenous infusion over at least 30 minutes,or by deep intramuscular injection.If more than 1g is to  be injected intramuscularly,then the dose should be divided between more than one site.
Doses are expressed in terms of the equivalennt amount of caftriaxone.It is usually given to adults in a dose of ceftriaxone.It is usually given to adults in a dose of 1 to 2 g daily as a single dose or in two divided doses; in sever infection up to 4 g daily may be given.Doses for infants and children are 20 infections up to 80mg per kg daily may be given.Doses for infants and children are 20 to 50 mg per kg daily;intravenous does in neonates should be given over 60 minutes.Does above 50 mg per kg should be given by intravenous infusion only. A reduction in dosage may be necessary in-patients with sever renal and hepatic function;plasma concentrations should be monitored in such patients.A single intramuscular dose of 250 mg is recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in adults.
For surgical infection prophylaxis in adults,a single dose of 1 g may be administered 0.5 to 2 hours before surgery; a 2-g dose is suggested before colorectal surgery.
For the prevention of secondary cases of meningococcal meningitis,a single intramuscular dose of 250 mg may be used for adults and 125 mg for children.
Adverse Effects and Precautions
Changes in bowel flora because of biliary eccretion of ceftriaxone;diarrhoea may occur more often,especially in children.Biliary sludge or pseudolithiasis due to a precipitate of calcium ceftriaxone has been occasionally in patients receiving ceftriaxone.Similarly,deposition of the calcium salt has occured rarely in the urie.
Ceftriaxione is highly protein-bound and is able to displace bilirubin from albumin binding sites,causing hyperbilirubinaemia;its use should be avoided in jaundiced neonates.
Neutropenia has been reported with most cephalosporins;a complex mechanism has been attributed to that associated with ceftriaxone.
Although ceftriaxone has an N-methylthiotriaszine ring rather than the N-methylthiotetrazole side-chain seen in cephalosporins,it might still have the potenial to cause hypoprothrombinaemia.
Interactions:Ceftriaxone has an N-methylthiotruazine side-chain and may have the potential to increase the effects of anticoagulants and to cause a disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol.
Caution:
Food,Drug,Devices and Cosmetics Act prohibits dispensing without prescription.