Cyclophosphamide is one of the most successful anticancer agents ever synthesized. Even today, 50 years after its synthesis, cyclophosphamide is still widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent and in the mobilization and conditioning regimens for blood and marrow trans plantation (BMT). Among 1,000 selected compounds and antibiotics tested against 33 tumors, cyclophosphamide was the most effective molecule. The initial clinical trials[1, 2] of cyclophosphamide for the treatment of cancer were performed in 1958, and in 1959 it became the eighth cytotoxic anticancer agent approved by the FDA. It is also approved for minimal change disease of the kidney in children (a disease that causes nephrotic syndrome), but despite its widespread use in other autoimmune disorders and BMT, it has never been approved for these indications.

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