Item name: Sinopharm Cloxacillin Sodium for Powder Injection 

Character: This product is white powder or crystalline powder.

Indication:
This product is only suitable for the treatment of penicillinase Staphylococcus infection, including septicemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, skin, soft tissue infection, etc. It can also be used for the mixed infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenic or pneumococci and penicillin resistant Staphylococcus.

Adverse reactions:
1. Allergic reaction: urticaria and other skin rashes are common, leukopenia, interstitial nephritis, asthma attack and other serotype reactions can also occur, serious cases such as anaphylactic shock are occasionally seen; once anaphylactic shock occurs, it is necessary to rescue on the spot, keep the airway smooth, inhale oxygen, and give epinephrine, glucocorticoid and other treatment measures.
2. Intravenous injection of this product can cause nausea, vomiting and serum aminotransferase elevation.
3. High dose injection of this product can cause convulsion and other toxic reactions of central nervous system.
4. Hematuria, proteinuria and uremia have been reported in infants after using large doses of this product.
5. Some cases had agranulocytosis or cholestatic jaundice. Double infection was occasionally seen.

Taboo:
Penicillin allergy history or penicillin skin test positive patients are prohibited.

Matters needing attention:
1. Before using this product, it is necessary to inquire about the history of drug allergy and conduct penicillin skin test.
2. Patients who are allergic to one penicillin may be allergic to other penicillins or penicillamine.
3. Patients with allergic diseases such as asthma, eczema, hay fever and urticaria should be used with caution.
4. This product reduces the binding ability of bilirubin and serum protein in patients, especially in newborns with jaundice.

Pharmacology:
This product is semi synthetic penicillin, which has the characteristics of acid resistance and penicillinase resistance. It has antibacterial activity against gram-positive cocci and Neisseria. It has stronger antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus (including Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus) than oxacillin, but it is weaker to penicillin sensitive Staphylococcus and various Streptococcus than penicillin, and it has antibacterial activity to methicillin Drug resistant Staphylococcus was ineffective.

Pharmacokinetics:
After intramuscular injection of 0.5g of cloxacillin, the plasma concentration reached the peak value at 0.5h, and Cmax was 15mg / L. The concentration of cloxacillin was 15 mg / L and 0.6 mg / L at the end of infusion and 3 hours after intravenous infusion. The serum protein binding rate of this product is 94%. It can penetrate into bone tissue, pus and joint cavity effusion of patients with acute osteomyelitis, and has a high concentration in pleural effusion. It can also enter the fetus through the placenta, but it is difficult to pass through the normal blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier. The blood elimination half-life (T1 / 2 β) of cloxacillin is 0.5-1.1 hours. It is mainly excreted from urine through glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion. After intravenous drip, about 62% of cloxacillin is excreted from urine, about 6% from bile, and a small amount is metabolized in liver.

Storage:
Keep in a sealed and dry place away from light.
 
Term of validity: 24 months