Brief Introduction
Synonyms--- Horse chestnut, Buckeye, Spanish chestnut
β-Aescin (main component of Aescin (Escin))
Chemical Name: (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-{[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR, 6bS,8R,8aR,9R, 10R,12aS,14aR, 14bR) -9-acetoxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11, 14b-hexamethyl-10- [2-methyl-1-oxobut-2-enoxy]-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy}-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxy}-2-tetrahydropyrancarboxylic acid
Molecular Formula: C₅₅H₈₆O₂₄

Horse Chestnut,Aesculus hippocastanum is a large deciduous tree, also know as Conker tree.It is native to Asia and southeast Europe(Greece). It is widely cultivated throughout the temperate world. It grows to 36 m tall, with a domed crown of stout branches, on old trees the outer branches often pendulous with curled-up tips. The fruit is a green, softly spiky capsule containing one (rarely two or three) nut-like seeds called conkers or horse-chestnuts. Each conker is 2-4 cm diameter, glossy nut-brown with a whitish scar at the base.

The nuts, especially those that are young and fresh, are slightly poisonous, containing alkaloid saponins and glucosides. The saponin aescin has been used for health purposes (such as varicose veins, edema, sprains) and is available in food supplements, as is a related glucoside aesculin. Horse Chestnuts also contain flavonoids, sterols, tannins, and etc.

Aescin or escin is a mixture of saponins with anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and vasoprotective effects found in Aesculus hippocastanum (the horse chestnut). Aescin is the main active compound in horse chestnut, and is responsible for most of its medicinal properties. High-quality evidence suggests aescin is a safe and effective treatment for chronic venous insufficiency. In one randomized controlled trial, horse chestnut extract was found to be as effective and well-tolerated as use of compression stockings.

The Horse Chestnut Extract used in dietary supplements is derived from the fruits of the plant Aesculus hippocastanum L..

Benefits

• Promoting Varicose Veins (Treat chronic venous insufficiency)
•Anti-inflammatory action
•Anti-swelling action
•Inhibit dropsy with hot typhoid
•Decrease wandering macrophage
•Improve adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion