Introduction
  Succinic acid is a colorless crystal; the relative density is 1.572 (25/4ºC), the melting point is 188ºC, and it decomposes at 235ºC; it can be sublimated by distillation under reduced pressure; it is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether and acetone
  
  Industrially, succinic acid is often prepared by catalytic reduction of butenedioic acid, and succinic acid can also be prepared by hydrolysis of succinonitrile. In the laboratory, succinic acid can be prepared by reacting two molecules of sodium diethyl malonate with iodine, followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation.
  
  An important use of succinic acid is to prepare five-membered heterocyclic compounds. For example, succinic acid loses water rapidly when heated to form succinic anhydride, which is a furan ring compound. Succinic anhydride is an important raw material for manufacturing drugs, dyes and alkyd resins. Succinic anhydride and ammonia are heated together to generate succinimide. The hydrogen on the imine group of succinimide can be replaced by bromine to produce N-bromosuccinimide, which is a bromination reagent and mild oxidant for organic synthesis. Succinic acid has antispasmodic, expectorant and diuretic effects in medicine. Diethyl succinate is an important intermediate in organic synthesis. Dibutyl succinate and dioctyl succinate are plasticizers for plastics. Copolymerization of diallyl succinate and 1,3-butadiene can produce artificial rubber.




Chemical label
Chinese alias: succinic acid; ethylene dicarboxylic acid; 1,2-ethane dicarboxylic acid; ethylene dicarboxylic acid
English alias: Succinic acid; Butane diacid; Butanedioic acid; 1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid; Amber acid; Asuccin, Bernsteinsaure; Bernsteinsaure (german); Dihydrofumaric acid; Ethylene dicarboxylic acid; Ethylenesuccinic acid; Katasuccin; Kyselina jantarova; Wormwood acid; Ethane -1,2-dicarboxylic acid; Butandisαure(Hochtemperaturform,α-Form); ACS

Main components: content ≥99.0%; sulfate ≤0.02%; heavy metal ≤0.002%; iron ≤0.002%; ash content ≤0.1%.

Appearance and properties: colorless or white, odorless and sour solid.

Relative density (water=1): 1.57(15ºC)

Solubility: soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and glycerin.

Downstream: N-chlorosuccinimide, diethyl succinate, oxpromazine
Safety term: S26:;S37/39:;
Risk term: R36/37/38
Dangerous goods transport code: UN 3265 8/PG 3

Dangerous characteristics: It is combustible in case of open flame and high heat. Decomposes by high heat and emits irritating fumes. Powder and air can form explosive



The main purpose
Succinic acid (including salts) can produce sour taste and taste, and can be used in soybean paste, soy sauce, Japanese sake, and seasonings. Sodium succinate is a white crystalline powder with a special taste of shellfish. It is used in the food industry as a flavoring agent, sour agent, buffer, and used in ham, sausage, aquatic products, and flavoring liquids. Succinic acid can be used as preservatives, pH regulators, co-solvents; it can also be used to synthesize antidote, diuretics, tranquilizers, hemostatic agents, synthetic antibiotics, vitamin A, vitamin B, etc. As an ion chelating agent, succinic acid is used to prevent metal corrosion and pitting in the electroplating industry; succinic acid is a good surfactant and a component of detergents, soaps and demulsifiers; succinic acid can It produces depilatory, toothpaste, cleaning agent, and high-efficiency wrinkle-removing cosmetic ester. Succinic acid is also used in lubricants, additives, and elastomers. In textile processing, sizing can be used to prevent shrinkage and improve dyeability. Improve the viscosity and fire resistance of caprolactam.

Mainly used to prepare five heterocyclic compounds such as succinic anhydride.

It is also used to prepare alkyd resins (alkyd resins produced from succinic acid have good flexibility, elasticity and water resistance.), paints, dyes (diphenyl ester of succinic acid is an intermediate of dyes, and aminoanthracene After the reaction of quinone, an anthraquinone dye is generated.), food flavoring agent (succinic acid can also be used as a food sour agent for flavoring wine, feed, candy, etc.), photographic materials, etc.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it can be used to produce sulfa drugs, vitamin A, vitamin B and other anticonvulsants, sputum relaxants, diuretics and hemostatic drugs. As a chemical reagent, it can be used as a standard reagent, buffer, and gas chromatographic comparison sample for alkalimetry. It can also be used as a raw material for lubricants and surfactants.
Used as a raw material for organic synthesis. Uses: Succinic acid has been recognized by the US FDA as GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe), which makes it can be used for many purposes. It is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and one of the fermentation products of anaerobic metabolism. Succinic acid is widely used in medicine, pesticides, dyes, spices, paints, food, plastics and other industries. It can also be used as a C4 platform compound , The synthesis of some important chemical products such as butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, γ-butyrolactone, n-methylpyrrolidone (NMD), 2-pyrrolidone, etc., the world market demand exceeds 276,000 t/a. In addition, succinic acid is also It can be used to synthesize biodegradable biopolymers, such as polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polyamide, which makes the market demand for succinic acid as high as 27 million tons/a.


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