Specification





Introduction
Ion exchange units that replace calcium and magnesium ions from water are known as water softeners.They may also remove varying amounts of other inorganic pollutants such as metals, but they will not remove organic chemicals, pathogens, particles, or radon gas.Water softener units work most efficiently with particulate-free water.






How does water softener work?(Principles of Ion Exchange to Soften Water )
Calcium and magnesium ions are atoms having a positive electrical charge, as do sodium and potassium ions. Ions of the same charge can be exchanged. In the ion exchange process, a granular substance (usually a resin) that is coated with sodium or potassium ions comes into contact with water containing calcium and magnesium ions. Two positively charged sodium or potassium ions are exchanged (released into the water) for every calcium or magnesium ion that is held by the resin. This "exchange or trade" happens because sodium or potassium are loosely held by the resin. In this way, calcium and magnesium ions responsible for hardness are removed from the water, held by the resin, and replaced by sodium or potassium ions in the water. This process makes water "soft." Eventually, a point is reached when very few sodium or potassium ions remain on the resin, thus no more calcium or magnesium ions can be removed from the incoming water. The resin at this point is said to be "exhausted" or "spent," and must be "recharged" or "regenerated."






The Control Valve and Regeneration
The control valve is the traffic cop in your water softener system. It determines when it is time to clean those plastic beads which are now coated with calcium and magnesium. Older style units use a timer, newer models use a computer controlled meter that determines when it is time based on actual water usage.