Introduction
Agomelatine is an atypical antidepressant drug developed on the basis that abnormal circadian rhythm causes depression While most other (typical) antidepressant drugs are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) that seek to increase serotonin in the brain, agomelatine activates melatonin (MT1 and MT2) receptors and blocks the 5-HT2C serotonin receptors . Presently, agomelatine is approved in the European Union for the treatment of major depression In the United States, it is presently under a phase 3 trial for regulatory approval, so it is considered a dietary supplement and doctors in the US do not prescribe agomelatine.

Function
Agomelatine has shown antidepressant effects in a variety of animal models of depression.The mechanism of antidepressant may be related to the increase of neuronal plasticity and neuronal proliferation in hippocampus.
Immunostaining was used to measure the proliferation, regeneration and death of nerve cells in the brain of adult rats. It was found that long-term (3 weeks) administration of agomelatine increased the proliferation and regeneration of neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, which is involved in emotional response.No similar effect was observed at acute or subacute administration (4 h or 9 weeks).
After prolonged administration, the whole dentate gyrus region showed cell proliferation and neuronal regeneration, suggesting that agomelatine can increase the nerve regeneration in hippocampus to some extent, thus generating new granulosa cells.
 

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