Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that controls blood glucose levels by protecting and enhancing endogenous enteroglycin.Glucose-dependent insulin-releasing peptides (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are enteroglycins released in response to dietary intake.

GLP-1 and GIP can increase insulin synthesis and release from islet β cells through intracellular signaling pathways. GLP-1 can also reduce glucagon secretion from islet α cells and reduce hepatic glucose production.However, both GLP-1 and GIP are rapidly metabolized by DPP-4, resulting in the loss of their insulin-promoting effect.

Sitagliptin is used for:
Treating type 2 diabetes in patients who cannot control blood sugar levels by diet and exercise alone. It is used along with diet and exercise. It may be used alone or with other antidiabetic medicines.Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase4 (DPP4) inhibitor. It works by increasing the amount of insulin released by your body and decreasing the amount of sugar made by your body.