Alprostadil is the naturally occurring prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) which displays a variety of pharmacologic actions. Alprostadil is a potent vasodilator agent that increases peripheral blood flow, inhibits platelet aggregation, and induces bronchodilation. Used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, this agent produces corporal smooth muscle relaxation by binding to PGE receptors, resulting in the activation of adenylate cyclase and the subsequent accumulation of 3'5'-cAMP.
How Does Alprostadil Treat Erectile Dysfunction?

Prostaglandin E1 PGE1 exerts a number of effects, including systemic vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and stimulation of intestinal motility. PGE1 relaxes isolated smooth muscle cells contracted by norepinephrine. It has become widely used in the treatment of ED. Alprostadil binds with PGE receptors and results in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) mediated smooth muscle relaxation. Little is known about the pharmacokinetics of PGE1, but it is believed that as much as 80% is metabolized in one pass through the lungs. Such rapid degradation probably accounts for its lack of significant cardiovascular side effects when administered intracavernosally. PGE1 can also be metabolized in the penis.
1. Used for treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
2. Used in maintaining a patent ductus arteriosus in newborns.
3. Used as urethral suppositories and in injectable form.
4. Used for critical limb ischemia.
5. For diabetic neuropathy, myocardial infarction, thromboangitis, arteriosclerosis obliterans, central retinal vein thrombosis.