India Warehouse Bacteriostatic Pharmaceutical Raw Powder Amphotericin B 1397-89-3

Basic Information

Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal drug, often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections. 

It was originally extracted from Streptomyces nodosus, a filamentousbacterium, in 1955 at the Squibb Institute for Medical Research from cultures of an undescribed streptomycete isolated from the soil collected in the Orinoco River region of Venezuela. 

Its name originates from the chemical's amphoteric properties. Two amphotericins, amphotericin A and amphotericin B are known, but only B is used clinically, because it is significantly more activein vivo. Amphotericin A is almost identical to amphotericin B (having a double C=C bond between the 27th and 28th carbons), but has little antifungal activity.

Currently, the drug is available as plain amphotericin B, as a cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD), as a lipid complex (ABLC), and as a liposomal formulation (LAmB). The latter formulations have been developed to improve tolerability for the patient, but may show considerably different pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to plain amphotericin B.

Application
One of the main intravenous uses is in treating various systemic fungal infections (e.g., in critically ill, comorbidly infected or immunocompromised patients), including cryptococcal meningitis.

Amphotericin B is also commonly used in tissue culture to prevent fungi from contaminating cell cultures. It is usually sold in a concentrated solution, either on its own or in combination with the antibiotics penicillin and streptomycin.

Antiprotozoan

Another IV use is as a drug of last resort in otherwise-untreatable parasitic protozoan infections such as visceral leishmaniasis and primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.